February 09, 2009

How Not To Diagnose Bipolar Disorder

Over the weekend, I got an email from a reader asking what I knew about people being diagnosed with bipolar disorder after having a bad reaction to an anti-depressant and whether that was a legitimate way to diagnose someone. I told her that it wasn't and that I keep hearing of this same sort of phenomenon, especially in regards to people having awful reactions to Paxil and then being diagnosed with bipolar disorder on that basis. I actually know people who were diagnosed with bipolar this way. Crazy.

In my case, my own bad reactions to Prozac certainly hardened my then-newish diagnosis of bipolar disorder in the early 1990s. Simply put, the drug made me batty and so I became convinced that I actually was bipolar and needed to be on lovely medications for the remainder of my life. I never thought to be suspicious of the Prozac I was on. I sure wish I had been.

Anyway, the reader's story was interesting and she let me share it all with the rest of you, for which I thank her. It's crazy stuff, and sadly more common than you'd think.

"I was in counseling for depression and anxiety. The talk therapy wasn't really changing things so I finally was sent to see a pdoc. She put me on the Paxil saying it would help both my anxiety and depression. I went totally nuts and for three days I didn't sleep. I cleaned everything in sight including breaking into my friends apartment while she was out of town to alphabetize her cd collection. I went back into the pdoc and was very honest with her, I told her I was feeling great but knew this was not what it was supposed to do.

"First she tried to peg me with ADHD. I have no idea why. She asked me a ton of questions about how I was as a kid, if I could concentrate. Was I able to stand in lines? She really wanted to peg me with ADHD but I wasn't giving her the answers she wanted. So she began to ask more, "Were you moody as a teenager?" Well, yes, who wasn't? I see this now, years later, as her fishing for a dx. At the time I was so in shock with my behavior I didn't realize she was just looking to peg me with something. I don't know, I guess social anxiety wasn't interesting enough for her, because that is certainly what I had back then and still suffer with to this day.

"So, after a three day drug induced mania I walked out of that office, into a psych ward with a bipolar diagnosis and a whole host of new shiny pills. I was 26 or 27 years old (sorry, bad memory these days [from med withdrawal]).

"I asked lots of questions. No one in my family has bipolar. There is no history of it at all. My grandfather, who was a POW, was depressed (umm, duh) so they latched onto that. They also latched onto the fact that my father was an alcoholic which usually means an undiagnosed mental illness so he had to have been bipolar (sigh). My mother and brother are the most stable people you could ever meet.

"I asked my next pdoc about how I got the dx and he didn't want me to focus on the dx. He thought I had an unhealthy obsession with not wanting to have a mental illness so he didn't want to talk specifics with me. He just wanted to treat what was going on. But what was going on by the time he got me was I was half the person I used to be. I was a zombie mess dealing with a host of side effects I couldn't handle. He was good in that he did decrease a lot of my meds and he did listen to me (except about when I wanted to talk about where the bloody dx came from in the first place).

"He retired and it took that for me to finally come off all this shit by myself (friends and family know and are being supportive). I've only been off my meds a few weeks. I did slowly come off them. I am having some withdrawals but it's to be expected.

"I am depressed, but I have been my whole life and it's ok, I can deal with it and I can live with it and it isn't always there. If I do something stupid like drink to excess I may risk getting manic (again drug induced mania). So hey, I don't drink, heh. I have anxiety. I wish someone would pay attention to my anxiety. I have trouble leaving the house and when I do make it to appts. they are so bloody interested in that Axis 1 Bipolar. The anxiety always takes a second seat and it's always been my number one complaint, and disability."

While I'm sure most psychiatrists would blanche at this story and say they'd never heard of such stuff, I'd remind them that this is a story I've heard in different variations over the last few years. Remember this from last year, a woman who was diagnosed with bipolar disorder after having a bad reaction to an anti-depressant and then being nervous with the doctor?

This kind of BS has got to stop, not just for the integrity of the mental health system but because patients are being given treatments they simply don't require. And that ain't right.

Posted by Philip Dawdy at February 9, 2009 12:01 AM
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Comments

The woman has only been off the meds for a couple of weeks. Hardly enough time to make any conclusions about whether she needed them. People with BP do this all the time and then have real problems. She is right to try and I hope she is right, I really do, but it is too early to be crowing about success.

Posted by: joan at February 9, 2009 05:17 AM

I feel terrible for both of these women. Clearly they had doctors with the fatal combination of incompetence and lack of empathy.

That said, my prescription to Zoloft was one of the ways I was diagnosed as bipolar 2. For months, I didn't have any kind of "adverse reaction" to sertraline except feeling (and acting a bit) like a rock star.

Then I crashed. Into a suicide attempt.

I'd love to now be diagnosed as not having bipolar, but somehow I don't think that's the case ...

Posted by: Larry at February 9, 2009 07:42 AM

this is a story I hear again and again and again...

I've met people who drink the kool-aid of this type of dx and end up on drugs for years and I've also meet numerous people now who figured it out and recognized it was the drug and didn't get sucked in and are doing just fine...

I feel that my experience is similar in that my "mania" was drug induced as well...by an illicit drug, but the same principal holds. I'd NEVER been manic before...unfortunately I did drink the kool-aid ended up on drugs for decades and now only in retrospect see the crime that was perpetrated against me.

I've never been manic without an external chemical trigger in my life. And now I've been off all mood-stabilizers and neuroleptics for several months and so far so good...nothing wrong with my noggin...can't say my poor body faired so well with the drug toxicity.

Posted by: Gianna at February 9, 2009 08:31 AM

These are sad stories about reactions to SSRIs and these are the kind of stories which the Prozac Survivors Support Group heard during their
work on the issue from 1991 until 2001.

Anxiety and depression can be helped without using antidepressants. To do so ups a persons risk of being diagnosed as bipolar.

I have a friend in Iowa who said she suffered from social phobia but did not take antidepressants for it because her sister had taken Prozac for stress and gone batty on it. This friend in Iowa contacted this institute in Arizon which provided her [for a fee!] with books and tapes on social phobia. She ordered the materials and practiced with them faithfully and was able to overcome most of her social anxieties - to the point where she joined several women's groups in her town and began playing bridge.

Here is the information on that Institue. Also,following the info on the Institue, I have included the first part of the posting which appears on ssristories.com about the Duke study on exercise and depression. I hope this can give some help. Part of the agoraphobia, of course, is being caused by the withdrawal.

http://www.socialanxietyinstitute.org/

An International Outreach to
People with Social Anxiety Disorder

Social Anxiety Disorder (formerly called social phobia) is the
largest anxiety disorder, and the third largest mental health care problem in the world today.

The Social Anxiety Institute helps people with social anxiety recover...and move forward with life. Social anxiety is a fully
treatable condition and CAN be overcome. Active, structured cognitive-behavioral groups have been in progress since 1994.

If you live out of area, the audio therapy series is recommended. It has been designed especially to help you overcome social anxiety wherever you live. This program is a cognitive audio series that contains direct, explicit therapy in how to overcome social anxiety.

NEW VIDEOS: Max, Chris , Julie, James , Mike, and Zeke Talk about Overcoming Social Anxiety
What is Social Anxiety? | Therapy Programs at The Social Anxiety Institute | Find out more about Social Anxiety
Social Anxiety Bookstore | Social Anxiety Institute Mailing List
The award-winning audio therapy series: "Overcoming Social Anxiety: Step By Step"
Help and Support Pages for "Overcoming Social Anxiety" | Experiences in Overcoming Social Anxiety

©Copyright 2009, 1996, The Social Anxiety Institute, Inc.
Thomas A. Richards, Ph.D., Director

--------------------------------------------------

http://www.ssristories.com/show.php?item=1841

Paragraph 3 reads: "The new study, which followed the same participants for an additional six months, found that patients who continued to exercise after completing the initial trial were much less likely to see their depression return than the other patients. Only 8 percent of patients in the exercise group had their depression return, while 38 percent of the drug-only group and 31 percent of the exercise-plus-drug group relapsed."


http://www.dukemednews.org/news/article.php?id=119

Effect of Exercise on Reducing Major Depression Appears to be Long-Lasting
date : 9/21/2000
media contact : Richard Merritt , (919) 684-4148
merri006@mc.duke.edu
editor's note : Note to editors: This dispatch is accompanied by a sidebar on a new, follow-up trial: NEW TRIAL: Why Exercise is Effective Treatment For Depression.

DURHAM, N.C. - After demonstrating that 30 minutes of brisk exercise three times a week is just as effective as drug therapy in relieving the symptoms of major depression in the short term, Duke University Medical Center researchers have now shown that continued exercise greatly reduces the chances of the depression returning.

Posted by: Rosie at February 9, 2009 09:01 AM

I had my first manic episode when going back on Zoloft for the second time. This led to the discovery that I had undiagnosed bipolar II disorder. From my symptoms, going back to childhood, I met almost every one of the criteria for BP2. If it hadn't been for the Zoloft, I may have never been diagnosed properly with BP2. Up to this point I had been treated multiple times throughout my life for depression using many different anti-depressants, which in hindsight greatly exacerbated my BP2.

Posted by: alan at February 9, 2009 11:33 AM

she really needs to smoke some weed for that anxiety.

it always does the trick for me!

Posted by: prozacula at February 9, 2009 12:02 PM

Philip, you get the best mail; thanks for sharing.

Posted by: Lilly NC at February 9, 2009 12:06 PM

According to some prominent researchers (like Akiskal), a manic switch on an AD is a "classic" sign of bipolar disorder since according to their research claiming that only people with bipolar depression switch on AD's while unipolars do not. Maybe it is this advice that the doctors in this column are referring to? But I don't believe that this "evidence" is widely regarded since the infamous DSM does not count AD-induced mania as a symptom of bipolar. My question is how do you distinguished AD-induced akathisia from a manic episode? Do the two get clustered together? Instead of considering just a single manic/akathisia episode, maybe what a doctor should look for is AD-induced ultra-rapid cycling (rapidly alternating manias AND deep depressions even when on an AD) as a marker of possible bipolar disorder.

Posted by: Tony at February 9, 2009 01:47 PM

For the record, while not manic, I have been hypomanic several times while on a medication regimen excluding all SSRI-type drugs.

Posted by: Larry at February 10, 2009 01:39 PM

When I saw this post I initially thought the "she" Philip referred to was myself. Something so similar happened to me. Fortunately I eventually found a new doctor who wasn't willing to jump to the bp diagnosis on the basis of very little evidence.

The problem seems to be that people are ERRONEOUSLY diagnosed BP because of a manic or akathisia reaction to a AD. And this process of deduction seems to have been institutionalized because people who actually DO have bipolar disorder tend to react this way to ADs.

There needs to be a way to distinguish a bad reaction to the drugs, which as we know varies from person to person, from anxiety and from bipolar disorder. Where is the research into this?

ADs are stimulants. It's no surprise they hype up some of us. Peter Breggin has documented this ad nauseum in his books. But psychiatrists seem to want easy answers and slap BP on anyone who reacts badly to an AD. As if the drug is flawless, and the gauge against which to judge the person.

Posted by: miranda at January 1, 2010 01:29 PM

I am 16 years old and recently diagnosed bipolar. One doc said it was II, another said it was NOS, all over an aqrgument over whether or not I am manic or hypomanic. Seeing as the incident in question involved me calling a friend and saying I alone knew god's true plan for the world, the second doc thought manic. Either way I wound up with a mixed episode and II was ruled out. I think that bp 2 is just a big fad, and that the doc said I was hypomanic just to suit the dx.

Posted by: Michele at January 4, 2010 12:31 PM
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