February 01, 2008FDA Issues Suicidality Warning For Mood StabilizersThe FDA yesterday issued a major warning on suicide and suicidality connected with the use of mood stabilizers such as Depakote, Lamictal and Topamax. The warning only affects mood stabilizers in the anti-convulsant class of drugs, which is to say drugs that are used both for bipolar disorder and epilepsy and other seizure disorders. Lithium, generally regarded as the best suicide-prevention drug there is, is not affected by the order. This class of drugs is used by many millions of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder around the world, and are generally used after a patient fails a trial of Lithium. In recent years, however, some psych docs have gone to them as first-line agents in treating bipolar disorder. "In the FDA’s analysis, patients receiving antiepileptic drugs had approximately twice the risk of suicidal behavior or ideation (0.43%) compared to patients receiving placebo (0.22%). The increased risk of suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation was observed as early as one week after starting the antiepileptic drug and continued through 24 weeks. The results were generally consistent among the eleven drugs. Patients who were treated for epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, and other conditions were all at increased risk for suicidality when compared to placebo, and there did not appear to be a specific demographic subgroup of patients to which the increased risk could be attributed. The relative risk for suicidality was higher in the patients with epilepsy compared to patients who were given one of the drugs in the class for psychiatric or other conditions." The FDA's analysis was based upon more than 43,000 patients who took the drugs in placebo-controlled trials. The risk was greatest among patients taking the drugs for epilepsy who had a relative risk of 3.6 while patients taking the drugs for psychiatric diagnoses had a relative risk of 1.6, according to the FDA. I am not familiar with claims of suicidality in this class of drugs, but you can bet I'll be asking questions of the FDA. Now, I have some serious questions about my own experience on the drugs which runs from 1993 to 1995 with Tegretol and from 1997 to 2007 with Deapkote and Lamictal. The market for these drugs affects some so-called blockbusters. In 2006, Depakote has over $1 billion in sales for Abbott Labs, while Lamictal sales were about $2 billion and Topamax sales were $1.5 billion. Throw in the other anti-convulsants in branded and generic form, and I bet that market runs to about $6 billion a year in sales. In its alert, the FDA said it would work with the drugs' makers to hammer out changes in labels to incorporate the warning. The warning also covers the drug Lyrica which is often used for pain management in cases of chronic pain. It's not clear to me what the implications are for treatment with these drugs in bipolar disorder, but they cannot be very good. In coverage by the New York Times, doctors stressed that the benefits of these drugs outweighed the risks both in treating bipolar disorder and epilepsy. But the more important question is what patients think--doctors sometimes forget that it's patients' butts that are on the line--and how they respond to the warning. Obviously, people diagnosed with epilepsy don't have a lot of options for controlling seizures. Aside from Lithium, patients with bipolar disorder don't have many options either. The paper said that the suicidality risks in found in anti-depressant use in children and teens was 10 times higher than among anti-convulsants. But the FDA's warning doesn't break out risk among various age groups, so I am not comfortable making that comparison. I'll have more on this after I've had a chance to do some reporting later today. You've got to wonder how long it'll be before a sales rep for Lilly or AstraZeneca walks into a doctor's office and asks a doctor, "Did you know that the FDA issued a warning on suicidality in mood stabilizers? Why don't you start a patient on Zyprexa today?" My hunch is by the time you read this, it will have already happened. Posted by Philip Dawdy at February 1, 2008 12:05 AM
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You said "Now, I have some serious questions about my own experience on the drugs which runs from 1993 to 1995 with Tegretol and from 1997 to 2007 with Deapkote and Lamictal." I can't even imagine what it must be like to look back on personal experiences over a decade or two that at the time one attributed to "mental illness" and realize that heck, any underlying mood problems were being so confounded by all the neuropsychiatric (and physical) effects of these toxins that maybe one wasn't even "ill" after all (but just troubled with life events) and no one even raised this as a possibility! As somewhat of an outsider looking in I can't really pass judgment but even as an outsider I consider it outrageous and insidious and criminal. It's got to stop and it's thanks to blogs like this one that this alternative possibility is finally seeing the light of day. Posted by: Sara at February 1, 2008 08:24 AMWell, it wasn´t only our family in which a person with bipolar was put on lamictal along with lithium and became acutely suicidal every month. Finally, at taper off time, this family member had to go into the hospital for the tapering because every time the dose would be reduced, all havoc would ensue. Have yet to hunt for an attorney for this outrage. At least we survived this horrible experience. Posted by: Sad at February 1, 2008 08:26 AMI personally had no problems with Topamax and the weight loss was wonderful. But I have gotten suicidal from other drugs. Wouldn't wish that on my worst enemy. Something or someone must have been looking after me. I might not be here reading this blog if it hadn't been for fate or serendipity. It was bad enough to go to the hospital because of a black box warning, and your pdoc/and pharmacist didn't tell you and then when you questioned them both, neither of them knew what the heck you are talking about. Posted by: susan at February 1, 2008 10:30 AMI found an article years ago linking suicidal ideation with anti convulsants, and being that my daughter was on Depakote at the time [1999-2005]I had made a note of it. It was in a newspaper, and I asked the pscyh about it, of course there was that blank stare. Considering she was on Zoloft,Depakote and Zyprexa at one time, it sure makes me remember the worst days of her life, raging and screaming as a 13 yr old she wanted to kill herself. Imagine, I thought it was only the Zoloft. Zyprexa has some sort of end of chain mechanism that can react the same way in people as with anti depressants. I always suspected and observed her suicidal talk in connection to medications. No answers, but glad to see the Depakote get some attention; and don't forget there's a black box about Polycystic Ovary syndrome for women under 20--which is permanent, and increases risk of cancer. My daughter has that as a result of Depakote use. Posted by: Stephany at February 1, 2008 02:50 PMI too have been on Topomax and Lamital for several years which I have found helpful and like Susan, the weight loss has been great. Posted by: Angie at February 1, 2008 04:33 PMI have been on Lamictal for about 18 months now. I have had suicidal ideation for about 17 years. I would not say the Lamictal increased it or decreased it. I am also not bi-polar. Posted by: Misinterpreted at February 2, 2008 08:39 PMOK, but like "The Last Psychiatrist" (http://thelastpsychiatrist.com) says, you have to give 500 people one of these medications before someone would become suicidal _because_ of the medication. It's your (or your doctor's) call, but if these medications are also very effective in controlling seizures or mood swings (and they are), then they are worth taking. It's like flu shots. They are highly effective in preventing the flu, but there will be a certain number of people who will react and even die from the shot itself. But they're number is so small compared to the number of people who's lives may be saved from them, the shots are still considered worth it. Although most people probably don't even think about it. Posted by: Weeds at February 7, 2008 06:00 AMMy psychiatrist and I just discussed how Lamictal, which I started just under a year ago, has been an absolute godsend for me in stabilizing my moods. (I still take lithium, for the record.) I was always hesitant to start Lamictal because of the potential health threat from skin rashes (I suffer from skin rashes), but have had no problems so far. About this new warning -- it's been known for awhile, from the more recent studies into SSRI's, that the ANIMATING qualities of antidepressants can kick in before their MOOD-REGULATING qualities, creating a dangerous "twilight zone" where doctors need to watch closely. Tragically, teen-agers, impulsive already, are particularly vulnerable. I can believe this is true of Lamictal as well. That doesn't change the fact that often these are highly beneficial medications -- and certainly less risky than Zyprexa, as Philip ruefully notes. Posted by: Larry Parker at February 8, 2008 07:20 AM"The risk was greatest among patients taking the drugs for epilepsy who had a relative risk of 3.6 while patients taking the drugs for psychiatric diagnoses had a relative risk of 1.6, according to the FDA." I just came upon this now since I was on hiatus when this post was originally written and I'm currently researching new meds. I had no clue that the very same drug that's supposed to keep me from suicidal ideation is the very same drug that can cause it. It might sound bad but thank God I don't suffer from epilepsy. I have enough trouble with suicidal behavior on my own. Posted by: Marissa Miller at April 29, 2008 06:06 PMPost a comment
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