November 12, 2007Australian Newscaster Kills Herself, Anti-Depressants May Be ImplicatedA week or so ago, an Australian newscaster, Charmaine Dragun, killed herself, jumping from a coastal cliff. She'd been suffering from major depression for years, and had apparently switched to a new anti-depressant two weeks before she took her own life. As many of us know too well, it's soon after beginning a new anti-depressant or soon after a dose change that things can be very dicey. Here's an interesting article talking about problems with SSRIs, although the article in the Sydney Morning Herald seems to spend much of its time bending over backwards to let doctors praise the drugs. Here's how the writer put the thorny matter of SSRIs' place in Western culture: "Days before she died, she had reportedly been feeling anxious and stressed, expressing concerns about how the medication was making her feel. I'm glad to see the newspaper even allowing this discussion to happen, but I'd like to know why writers and medical authorities are so quick to credit pills as "lifesaving" when we know they have very serious problems attached to them. There is just so much bogus romanticism attached to SSRIs. Think of it another way: When the press writes about an OxyContin overdose death--and there are hundreds of them each year in America, as far as I know--do they point out that, properly used, the drug saves peoples' lives who would otherwise be crippled by pain? Um, no they don't. So why are they so inclined to literally write advertising copy for pharma companies each time they examine the SSRI debate? Anyway, this from the medical establishment in Oz: "But Michael Dudley, chairman of Suicide Prevention Australia and a senior lecturer in psychiatry at the University of NSW, says antidepressants are vital for people suffering moderate and severe depression, and steering clear of them is 'a grave mistake.' I cannot speak to the evidence in Australia, but Dudley's comments about the situation in America are fictitious. Please review these posts relative to 2004's suicide stats and various claims made about them in September. In the piece, a Aussie doc, Michael Baigent, says that SSRIs cause suicidality 4 percent of the time while placebos do so 2 percent of the time: "'There is a very good evidence base for their effectiveness and they have saved many lives,' he says. 'There is a risk with them, like any medication, but a 2 per cent increase is minimal and if someone is having an issue with the way they are feeling when they first start taking them, they need to get in touch with their medical practitioner.'" The article notes that 12.3 million prescriptions for anti-depressants were written in Australia in 2005 (amazing for a country of 20 million people, as it would mean perhaps one-third of the country took anti-depressants that year allowing for the unique number of users being perhaps half of that 12.3 million number). Let's assume that 6 million people took anti-depressants in 2005. Four percent of them having some kind of suicidality induced by the drug would be 240,000 people versus a presumed natural rate of 120,000 people (the 2 percent rate in placebo-treated depression). So 120,000 extra people are having big problems with SSRIs and this doctor doesn't consider that a problem? As it happens, there are studies pointing to a much higher rate of suicidality induced by SSRIs than the 4 percent cited above. For example, as I noted earlier this year, a recent Eli Lilly-sponsored study of Prozac showed that 14 percent of 414 patients in one study experienced suicidality on the drug. Apply that 14 percent to 6 million Australians and you get 840,000 people. Would the good doctor consider that a "minimal" risk? In recent weeks, I've had to write about anti-depressants, suicidality and the serotonin hypothesis far more than I'd like to. But when tragic cases like Dragun's pop up, I will not ignore them. She should be alive, not dead. She was 29-years-old and her death must be truly awful for her family, friends, colleagues and admirers. As of now, it is not clear to me what anti-depressant she was taking. I hope one of my Australian readers can fill me in on what they know when that bit of news trickles out. Regardless of where you stand on the SSRI-suicidality debate, it would be useful to remember that whenever someone starts a new anti-depressant or changes a dosage of a current anti-depressant that that person should be watched very attentively for any psychological and physical reactions. If they complain about problems with the drug and not trusting how they feel (feeling very agitated or, conversely, "better than well" to cite two warning signs), then you have a sure sign that something bad is afoot. Respond promptly and appropriately. NOTE: For new readers, let me point out that I consider the evidence of suicides and suicidality caused by SSRIs to be mixed (some studies say "Yes," some say "No"), but that there is a real problem here that should not be ignored. Other problems associated with the drugs--such as akathesia, sexual dysfunction, and mania--are clearly present and are beyond debate. Posted by Philip Dawdy at November 12, 2007 12:05 AM
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Dear Philip: “Regardless of where you stand on the SSRI-suicidality debate, it would be useful to remember that whenever someone starts a new anti-depressant or changes a dosage of a current anti-depressant that that person should be watched very attentively for any psychological and physical reactions. If they complain about problems with the drug and not trusting how they feel (feeling very agitated or, conversely, "better than well" to cite two warning signs), then you have a sure sign that something bad is afoot. Respond promptly and appropriately.” --- Philip Dawdy
As a very long time care giver I’ve been aware and attentive of this fact for more than 4 decades. Let us also not forget that for centuries past severe depression left untreated is and of itself lethal. Warmly, How do we know that she was taking an SSRI to begin with? SSRIs are not the only anti-depressants out there. Maybe she was on Wellbutrin or on a tricyclic. I wish the blogger put facts into the stroy, rather than using it as a launch pad for the criticism of SSRIs. Posted by: Red Rover at November 12, 2007 11:28 AMI'm not sure what page Herb is on here regarding the possible role of antidepressants in violent suicide. In fact, I believe strongly that treated depression is almost always more lethal than untreated depression and the statistics that are presented about the supposed dangers of "untreated depression" are often actually referring to TEMPORARILY untreated depression, i.e. people in withdrawal, not NEVER treated depression. Those clinicians who are choosing to label it "untreated depression" are hopelessly naive about the length of time it takes to withdraw from medications. There are long lasting, perhaps even permanent, effects to the brain that are present long after medication has left the blood stream. In referring to treated and untreated depression we need to know if people have EVER been treated and what other substances they've been on too for that matter that might lead to intractable mood problems or violence and of course the circumstances that are contributing to the problem so that those can be addressed with something besides a pill. Posted by: Sara at November 12, 2007 11:43 AMhi red rover, let the blogger respond: i would say there's a 90 percent chance she was put on an ssri or an snri (effexor, cymbalta), given what drugs are commonly prescribed in oz. also, wellbutrin can be just as dicey on the weird behavior front, just not as often from what i understand. as for a tricyclic, i would seriously doubt it. regardless of what drug she was on, i think my arguments abotu how the media handles anti-dep stories and how researchers defend them is legit. i assume we'll find out someday what anti-dep she was on. either way, i think the cautions if offered to people about how to watch someone who's just on an anti-dep are well placed no matter what drug is involved. or would that be non factual in your opinion? Posted by: Philip Dawdy at November 12, 2007 11:46 AMWhile SSRIs (and SNRIs) have the most pronounced abrupt effect on impulsive suicidality apparently, it actually is an effect of multiple classes of antidepressants and other psychotropic drugs. This phenomenon predates Prozac -- look at Sylvia Plath. I think she was put on a massive dose of imipramine before she stuck her head in the oven. Even her estranged husband Ted Hughes blamed her death on medication. Posted by: Sara at November 12, 2007 11:59 AMDear Sara, Philip et al, I most truly apologize to you all for my lack of writing skills and inability to communicate my thoughts effectively.
As a very long time care giver I’ve been aware and attentive of this fact for more than 4 decades. Let us also not forget that for centuries past severe depression left untreated is and of itself lethal.” --- Herb
Please someone hand me a pill as I can still visualize and sense my real terror. Please also forgive me for not commenting further on some of which I read here other than quoting from The Last Psychiatrist: "the dx is far less important than what helps the situation. For example, just because thyroid meds help someone's depression, doesn't mean they should be called hypothyroid." --- The Last Psychiatrist Warmly, Back in 1990 through 1993, when Prozac was first implicated in 'violent' suicides, Eli Lilly responded by telling doctors to explain to their patients that they should not tell anybody they were taking Prozac. Now that the suicide connection is more widely believed, doctors and family members are more likely to watch the patient on Prozac. At least it is not kept secret! Also, during those early years in the 90's, Eli Lilly told doctors that they, Eli Lilly, would pay for all legal costs should the doctos be sued because of their prescribing of Prozac. "Violent" suicides were recognized as part of the difference between Prozac and unmedicated suicides. Examples of violent suicides were: inflicting over 100 massive wounds to the skin by using a stich remover [lawsuit settled], stabbing oneself to death slowly [after cutting off the left arm] while recording it with a video camera [this horrible case was presented to the FDA in the 1991 Meeting on Prozac & Suicidality] or a woman jumping out of a plane at 3,500 feet or a man jumping out of a plane at 10,000 feet. Also there are three cases of woman who burned themselves to death. These are all posted on www.ssristories.com. Drs. Teicher & Cole at Harvard in 1990 called the suicide attempts & behaviors on Prozac "profoundly violent" & this started the whole debate. Teicher & Cole estimated that it afflicted 3.7% of the people who took Prozac. They were referring to people who were not suicidal at baseline [before taking Prozac}. Just thought I would post some early history here. Posted by: Rosie at November 12, 2007 07:53 PMDear Rosie, Thanks for the information it was interesting. I too thought I might respond and post an even earlier record to your submission. The following individuals also committed suicide; Socrates drinking hemlock, Mark Anthony stabbing himself, Gwili Andre self-immolation, Albert Ayler drowning himself, Diane Arbus cutting her wrists, Hubert Aquin self-inflicted gunshot, Ross Alexander gunshot, Stanley Adams gunshot, Robert Adams, Jr. gunshot, Albert Ballin overdose, Isobel Barnett electrocution, Walter Benjamin overdose, Hans Berger hanging, Dan Burros gunshot, Robert Stewart slit his throat, Vere Gordon Childe jumped off a mountain, Claude Chappe jumped down a well, Diana Churchill drug overdose, Alasdair Clayre jumped in front of a train, Robert Clive slit his throat, Adam Couture tied himself to a horse, Rudolf Diesel jumped from a boat, Andrea Feldman jumped from a building, Vachel Lindsay drank a bottle of Lysol, Peter Llewelyn-Davies threw himself in front of a train, Noel Mewton-Wood drank prussic acid, Sylvia Plath gassed herself in an oven, Vincent van Gogh gunshot. As I’m sure you realize all have something in common. They all committed suicide and to the best of my knowledge none used Prozac simply because the events took place prior to the sale of Prozac. I personally don’t know or have thought about whether suicides are pretty, gross, interesting or “violent.” I do know these are but an extremely small sampling of suicides prior to Prozac and I also know personally of the legacy, guilt and trauma left behind for family, loved ones and friends to endure as well as the trauma as a support person to a spouse with several failed suicide attempts. In my opinion, Prozac does not hold a monopoly or any record as a possible cause for suicide. Warmly, Hi Herb, Thanks for the update on past suicides. I don't know what this has to do with the subject, though, because Dr. Martin Teicher was referring to people who were not suicidal when they started taking Prozac. This much has been established. They became "grossly preoccupied" with violent suicide only after starting on the Prozac. I am glad you are keeping an open mind, though Posted by: Rosie at November 13, 2007 11:15 AMHerb, Maybe you missed my earlier comment which included details of Sylvia Plath's suicide. Diane Arbus also had her medication changed shortly before her death. This phenomenon, although more pronounced on SSRIs, exists with other classes of antidepressants too. And I don't think any of us are trying to say that suicide doesn't ever happen unless someone is taking medication. Of course that would be preposterous but we certainly believe there are many cases where suicide (and murder) would NOT have occurred except because of the presence of the drug and that it OFTEN increases the likelihood of violence. Cases like this have been acknowledged in court. Posted by: Sara at November 13, 2007 12:10 PMProzac was rx to me for "anxiety" the summer of 2003, by a PCP doc. I was in the process of moving, and was stressed out. Doc said, "take this you will feel like everything just rolls off your back." Something to think about, are anecdotal stories that all seem to connect to antidepressant use; regardless of medical literature, etc. I will never take one again as a result. I've never felt that way again either.Not even close. Posted by: Stephany at November 13, 2007 01:47 PMI think that SSRIs were intended to replaces benzos. I gather this from seeing the doctors' everreadiness to prescribe a SSRI and when I ask them for a benzo, I see them frown, the writing on the scrip stops, they look at me puzzled, etc. Posted by: Red Rover at November 13, 2007 06:13 PMI use emotion for the many and reserve reason for the few. Posted by: James at April 17, 2008 01:59 PMPost a comment
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