January 16, 2007

Overmedicated British Style

I am not at all shocked that an evaluation of Britain's mental health system found that patients were being over-medicated, 36 percent of patients, as it turns out. It's not that they are being given too many meds--polypharmacy--but that they are being given dosages above the recommended amount. Goes on every day, here and there and everywhere. Ain't nothing but a G-thang as far as some docs are concerned.

"In research undertaken by the Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, 36% of people were found to have been prescribed more than the maximum recommended dose of anti-psychotic medicines."

OK, that shocks me. Why is that the antipsychotics--and by this is meant the atypicals--are always at the center of overmedication? An article on the matter doesn't get into that question at all and it leaves alone the matter of what diagnoses are being over-medicated. So I'll assume schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, just for fun. I'll also assume that the British drug licensing system is similar to ours in that drugs are approved for treating certain conditions at certain doses, but that there are no restrictions on how high a doc may go with a certain med as long as the doc deems it beneficial to his patient.

I was one of those patients, although the drugs in question were anti-depressants. Prozac had been approved by the FDA based on studies mostly performed using 20 mg. doses of the med. I began taking the drug in early 1990, mere weeks before the legendary Newsweek cover with my good homey Prozac sitting there like a messenger from God. My starter dose was 20 mgs., but a year or so later I began working for another employer, my insurance coverage changed, and I came under the care of a doctor at Kaiser Permanente in San Diego.

By 1993, I had become massively depressed (Lithium was doing a fairly decent job on the manic end of things) and my doctor boosted the Prozac to 40 mgs. I responded for a time, then slumped again (washout effect anyone?). My doctor upped the dose to 60 mgs. I became suicidal. In response, my dose was upped to 80 mgs.--yes, doctors were in the finger painting stage then, more doses of the same being the solution du jour. I was still suicidal and, even worse, was unable to do my job. At the same time, my Lithium dose had exploded to 3,000 mgs.

Back then, if a doc said to up a dose, you upped a dose because as a patient your information base--pre-Internet and pre-long-term studies of psych meds--was kind of limited. I swear if my doc had told me the end for my depression could be found in a bag of crack, then I would've been rolling around town looking for fellows who were slinging within an hour.

In those days, I worked as an accountant for a junior high school in San Diego's Linda Vista neighborhood. It was a shit day job while I figured out my shit life. The job was essentially bookkeeping and, with an MBA in Finance, I was wildly overqualified for the job. The kids were cool, however. I used to let them come and hang in my office before and after school, even though it was against our hidebound principal's rules, otherwise the kids would be running the streets in a gangster-ridden part of town. One morning before the first class bell rang, a group of kids performed a prayed circle around the flag pole in front of the school. I watched from my office window. Soon, they were surrounded by another group of kids who taunted them. I am not a softie when it comes to religious displays, but I wasn't going to watch that kind of bullshit go down, so I escorted the kids to my office. Stuff like that went on every day.

But in the summer of 1993, I suddenly began having huge problems reconciling my books each month. My response was to write a series of adjustments--we weren't talking serious money here--which would lead to other adjustments the next month. It was stunning to me that this was going on: I'd gotten an A in calculus in college and here I was unable to properly count a few hundred dollars of cash. Must be me, I told myself, not once thinking that it could be the meds scrambling me. Patients didn't think like that in those days.

Soon, the school district decided to audit my books and sent me home on leave. Before leaving, I tried a Hail Mary play and went to see my principal. The Americans with Disabilities Act had become law two years before, so I sat down with her and told her that I was manic-depressive. A few days later, I received a letter at home from the superintendent of schools informing me that the district was terminating me. In the letter, the superintendent wrote that my principal had deemed me a threat to the students. (I fought back for a year, but was eventually forced to resign.)

I haven't yet been able to tease out whether it truly was me or the meds at work in all of this. But I have my hunches. When 80 mgs. of Prozac didn't fix what ailed me, my doctor dropped that in favor of Paxil and lowered my dose of Lithium. I am convinced that Prozac made me pretty damn suicidal, but Paxil was a whole other ball game. The shit gave me akathesia and spun me up. I wound up desperate and alone, sitting in my apartment night after night trying to figure out what the hell was going on with me. I didn't last long on Paxil. Even my sorry ass doctor figured it was not benefitting me so he took me off it, this at a time before the Paxil withdrawal syndrome business was acknowledged. Let me tell you: everything people say about how bad it is coming off of Paxil is true. Mostly, I felt like a dead lump as I was being weaned and had those lightning bolt zaps in my brain. Not pleasant.

All of that is why the British example I pointed to above troubles me greatly. In my opinion, antipsychotics are far more aggressive meds than anti-depressants. Whichever you consider the dicier class of medication, patients are often left in the ridiculous bind that if they embrace treatment--or if treatment is thrust upon them--and their symptoms worsen, then they are put on higher doses of the same med/s. And if that doesn't work, then up go the doses some more. I wonder what a similar study to the British one would turn up in this country. Oh wait. Big Pharma would have to fund it, so, um, scratch that idea.

Patients have almost no power to push back against this business. And that ain't right.

Posted by Philip Dawdy at January 16, 2007 12:01 AM
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Comments

You do know that "antidepressive" and "antipsychotic" are make believe terms. They were coined/invented to mimic the word antibiotic. Bacteria and penicillin have logical, scientifically viewable results when mixed.
Depression and psychotic are totally unscientific and unmeasurable in a petri dish(unlike bacteria), so to dose out a drug in milligram fashion just like its affecting a bacteria is quackery. I wish regular doctors (that use science) would publicly distance themselves further from the "art" of psychiatry.

Posted by: Mark at January 16, 2007 02:26 AM

I recently ran into this "overmedication" issue again when I saw my new shrink at my new HMO (a very large facility in Southern California.) I was having trouble sleeping and in my refusal to take poision like Seroquel anymore, I asked for Lunesta to get me through the short bout of insomnia I was having. My new shrink told me that this HMO did not prescribe Lunesta because it was too expensive but wanted to increase my dose of Lamictal which was already at 200 mg. Now, I have been told that 200mg is a theraputic dose and I don't have a problem with depression to begin with. After my refusal to increase the Lamictal and my insistance for Lunesta, my sleep was back to normal within a few days. Thanks doc.

Posted by: Angie at January 16, 2007 05:39 AM

Right on, Philip, you really have hit the nail on the head as far as one of the biggest problems in psychiatric drug treatment today. For years treatment providers have assumed that if one got worse after treatment started it was still the "underlying disease" and therefore one needed more "treatment" not less. In fact, IMHO, if one gets worse, it probably has very little to do with the "disease" and a heck of a lot to do with the confounding effects of treatment and adverse reactions. Let's not forget that antidepressants can INDUCE mania and psychosis especially the larger the doses get. It is truly amazing that pharmaceutical companies could pull the wool over docs eyes about this for so long. (Let's remember the companies make more money the larger the doses.) When a dose of Prozac was making someone worse, increasing it was exactly the wrong thing to do. It should have been tapered to something smaller and probably a concomitant sedative (or tranquilizer) should have been prescribed for at least a short while. Thanks for sharing your story.

Posted by: Sara at January 16, 2007 08:45 AM

Your steadfastness in finding a treatment that works is amazing; thanks for writing this. It is a good example of never giving up no matter how hard it gets, and no matter how long it takes.

As far as antipsychotics go: I totally agree they are more aggressive meds, and in my opinion harder to remove. I saw first-hand how dangerous using double the standard doses of Zyprexa and Haldol could be to a person when used together in a treatment plan.

As consumers we really do not have many choices out there for treatment, and I find this completely intolerable and unacceptable. Our fate really is placed right now in Pharma's hands.At the expense of our health, minds, jobs, careers, and lives,the pharmaceutical industry is harming innocent people every day, and the doctors who prescribe these medications without caution, are not doing their job responsibly. The fact that we can get any psych medication from a general practioner without psychiatric follow-up is in my opinion endangerment of lives.

Posted by: Stephany at January 16, 2007 09:03 AM

I, too, have been the victim of over-medication and I began my journey in the mid 80's, so had no access to any reliable information which would allow me to question my treatment. By the time I seriously started questioning my treatment I was on 200 mg of Zoloft, 50 mg of Seroquel, 6 mg of Risperal,(I'd been on as much as 11 mg before adding Seroquel) 3 mg of Klonopin and 400 mg of Lamictal. Before deciding drugs were making me sicker I tried various stimulants to wake me up out of my drug induced stupor.

Now I've been withdrawing from meds for about 3 years. I'm off Zoloft, off Seroquel and down to 7/8 mg of Risperdal. Have I seen even a hint of relapse...NO. I plan to continue my withdrawal all the way to zero. I'm using Breggins method of 5%-10% taper of current dose as soon as I feel okay again. Withdrawal is not easy. It must be done painfully slowly...there are withdrawal effects, but it's become clear to me that is what they are and not relapse. I supplement with healthy food and nutrients. I still have a journey ahead of me. I don't know beyond a shadow of a doubt that I will make it to my goal, but it's looking likely to me right now. Learning how to cope and accept some pain and suffering as part of life seems like the way for me to go.

Posted by: Gianna at January 16, 2007 09:43 AM

Good comments from the above posters.

The MHRA (The UK equivalent of the FDA) is under the same spell of cronyism and intellectual dishonesty that the FDA is in the US.

Its the same pharma companies, using the same diagnostic manuals, under the same auspices.

Are the newer drugs good for patients or good for profits?

Are there more disorders being diagnosed because the disorders are easier to diagnose, or because the criteria has been rewritten so that almost anyone can fall into the diagnostic criteria, and then be medicated? (see Dunner, David: bipolar studies).

The newer anti-psychotics have proven to be no better than the old ones, like lithium. Unlike the newer drugs, lithium has actually been shown to lower suicide rates.

The only study comparing Lithium to Zyprexa head on was of course paid and sponsored by Eli Lilly - Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:1281-1290.

Posted by: zipzip at January 16, 2007 10:26 AM

I found your blog last week and have been enjoying the archives. I wanted to add a comment when I read Gianna's post.
Compounding the problem of forever increasing doses is the problem of always adding new drugs to the mix. As everyone here knows, once you're on one, the number is only going up. Whether or not you feel "better" and thus a treatment "works" is by comparison to the last med that made you feel awful, not how you felt before you started the med roller-coaster in the first place.

I had been over-medicated for 5 years before I finally got skeptical (I read "Mad in America"). I weaned off of zyprexa, klonopin, tegretol and lamictal very very gradually over the last 4 years. Once I got past the zyprexa withdrawal (the worst experience of my life--far worse then the problems that got me into meds in the first place--fortunately my withdrawal induced disabling movement disorder was not permanent), I've only gotten better and have been med-free since Nov 22nd. Given that there hasn't been a blip on the symptom radar screen in years, even during withdrawal, I'm cautiously optimistic. Hang in there Gianna--go slow, especially with the atypicals. For me, 5-10% at a time was sometimes too much.

Posted by: dlvc at January 16, 2007 11:30 AM

I can't believe those sons of bitches fired you for that. Goddamnit.

Posted by: Priscilla at January 16, 2007 06:29 PM

Priscilla--School Districts play hardball.Often, if they do not call you on it directly such as being fired--they have indirect, and often unprovable(in court) 'blackball' techniques. Esp if you are in a position to be hired, or contract renewed ,your file can be red-flagged marked 'no hire', or if you are a substitute they place you on a 'blocked' list.

Posted by: Stephany at January 17, 2007 07:04 AM

As is typical, your readers have posted many interesting comments. 80 mg's of Prozac. Dude, that's a LOT of the 'Zac! At some point, I should be posting more about the akasthisia associated with SSRIs and how Lilly, among others, has suppressed the data. The "blame the disease, not the drug" thing is standard copy for Big Pharma. Look at Zyprexa and diabetes -- Zyprexa does not cause diabetes, schizophrenia does. SSRIs don't cause dependence -- depression just happens to come back quickly to people who stop taking SSRIs. SSRI's don't cause suicide -- depression does. And so forth...

Posted by: CL Psy at January 17, 2007 07:32 AM

Sidenote: Re: insurance.

Growing up w/Kaiser: this insurance is awful. Patients fight to get into specialists, it is rediculous.

Current: Blue Cross.

I thought, oh wow, the company upgraded, this will be the end of my worries re: med bills. Instead, I have paid more out of pocket med expenses ever in ONE year. Just this week, I have had to manage my rocky stability every single day, even today--when finding bills in my mailbox, surpassing the 1200.00 mark in one week....over 'not paid by insurance.' Overlake Hospital in the Seattle area sent a bill to debt collectors before I received notice from them for a bill that was incurred over a year ago---for my daughter's suicidal assessment and ITA.(Involuntary Treatment Act, committment: because the doc and the psych hosp told me to do it, for lack of inpatient medical insurance coverage.)

Insurance and mental health are not good dance partners. Parity , equality in health coverage NOW.

Posted by: Stephany at January 17, 2007 06:05 PM

This may sound kind of odd considering how much I (and my family) have paid out of pocket for me to receive mental health care, but I am concerned about parity in health coverage. What is the incentive for a psych hospital to ever release a patient if they are still going to be receiving compensation? Knowing that my insurance benefits had run out is what convinced the psych hospital I was well enough to be released. If parity existed I would most likely still be in some psych hospital doing mindless stupid tasks like coloring pictures or having to go to "group" and answer questions like: "If you were an animal in a circus, what kind of animal would you be?" Thank GOD parity did not exist and I got the hell out.

Posted by: Lisa at January 19, 2007 08:43 AM

Lisa,
I understand what you are saying. Yet, having a lifetime cap on inpatient stays in a psych ward adds up to your entire lifetime. Depending on a person's age, the younger the person is when inpatient days run out --well it often leaves no option for care.
My daughter's lifetime cap ran out before she turned 18 yrs.old.
As an adult now, she has her entire life left without primary insurance coverage. If she needs psych hosp inpatient care in her 20's, 30's or 60's...she has no insurance. A lifetime to hope a person doesn't need inpatient care is a stressor right there.
This was very disheartening as a parent, to visit a child on "the non-insured" floor of the County hospital.
Just another perspective. I also agree, the mindless coloring and group sessions are challenging.(as entertainment and a way to pass time in a bad situation). What I observed though after many months, is that some patients need this. The one's that don't are more on the road to recovery.

Posted by: Stephany at January 19, 2007 10:04 AM

I just had to emphasize a key point here re: health insurance. It ran out for inpatient psych ward hospital care. The phrase out-of-pocket---is why I no longer have cash reserves left to pay for care that is not covered by insurance. I paid a private hospital over 20,000.00 in just a few months in 1999 for my daughter's care. It's been a long road of negotating, juggling credit cards to pay balances due, and bills being paid for with uncompensated care and now medicaide/medical coupons that my daughter was able to aquire due to being a legal adult. There is still insurance coverage (that still leaves large out of pocket expenses due and large co-pays for my own meds)for my daughter.
This is what my point is that causes me to say parity and equality for mental health coverage. If my daughter had to go to the hospital for brain surgery or an MRI, the bill is covered by insurance.
What is the difference, if she was psychotic or has an operable brain malformation.
Both should be equally paid for, and covered by insurance.
If a person is out of cash, and inpatient insurance, which many Americans, sadly fall into this category--well this is an area that stretches into homeless living on the streets, and patients not adhering to treatment, for lack of ability to pay for it.

Posted by: Stephany at January 20, 2007 07:31 AM

I am so thankful that I found this sote. I have been over medicated myself, with a doctor wanting me on 80mgs of Prozac, 150mgs of Wellbutrin, 600mgs of Neurontin, Xanaz as needed, 200mgs of Lamictal.....Jesus!!!!!!!!!!!

Posted by: Heather at February 22, 2007 12:43 PM

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